Visceral leishmaniasis is endemic in France and Europe and is responsible for clinical relapses in immunocompromised patients, even when standardized high-dose liposomal amphotericin B treatment has been properly administered. We have identified L. infantum “persisters” in vitro after exposure to very high doses of AmB. Characterizing these persister subpopulations by RNAseq is crucial to understanding the mechanisms of clinical relapses.
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